The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Mathematics Education in Higher Education: A Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53866/ijcar.v3i2.885Keywords:
Artificial intelligence, Mathematics education, Higher education, Systematic ReviewAbstract
The digital transformation in higher education demands innovative, adaptive, and technology-driven learning approaches. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a key technology with significant contributions to mathematics education at the tertiary level. This article aims to explore the role, effectiveness, and challenges of AI implementation in mathematics learning through a systematic literature review of 25 scholarly articles published between 2019 and 2024. The findings reveal that AI applications—such as adaptive learning systems, educational chatbots, predictive analytics, and AR/VR-based visualizations—enhance conceptual understanding, student engagement, and learning efficiency. However, integration of AI in mathematics education still faces several obstacles, including infrastructure limitations, educators’ readiness, and ethical concerns regarding data privacy. This review recommends strategic actions such as enhancing digital literacy for lecturers and students, investing in digital infrastructure, and developing ethical frameworks to support AI-driven learning environments. Overall, AI has the potential to transform mathematics education in higher education into a more adaptive, inclusive, and sustainable process in the digital era.
References
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706QP063OA
Cao, L. (2023). A Meta-Analysis of The Impact of AR and VR Technologies on Mathematics Learning. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 23, 637–649. https://doi.org/10.54097/EHSS.V23I.13133
Chango, W., Cerezo, R., Sanchez-Santillan, M., Azevedo, R., & Romero, C. (2024). Improving Prediction of Students’ Performance in Intelligent Tutoring Systems Using Attribute Selection and Ensembles of Different Multimodal Data Sources. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 33(3), 614–634. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12528-021-09298-8
Cui, W., Xue, Z., & Thai, K.-P. (2019). Performance Comparison of an AI-based Adaptive Learning System in China. Computer and Society. https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.10268
Fitriyah, A., Manoy, J. T., & Fiangga, S. (2023). Pengembangan E-Modul Interaktif Berbasis Android untuk Siswa Kelas VII SMP Materi Penyajian Data. MATHEdunesa, 13(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.26740/mathedunesa.v13n1.p1-15
Hartati, T., Fitria, N., Harahap, M. A. A., & Dasari, D. (2023). Data-Driven Education: Data Processing as a Key to Improving the Quality of Mathematics Education. ALSYSTECH Journal of Education Technology, 2(1), 45–57. https://doi.org/10.58578/ALSYSTECH.V2I1.2361
Holmes, W., Bialik, M., & Fadel, C. (2019). Artificial Intelligence in Education: Promises and Implications for Teaching and Learning. 228. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000368021
Hossein-Mohand, H., Hossein-Mohand, H., Albanese, V., & Gómez, M. del C. O. (2025). AI in Mathematics Education: A Bibliometric Analysis of Global Trends and Collaborations (2020-2024). Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 21(2), em2576. https://doi.org/10.29333/EJMSTE/15915
Khosravi, H., Shum, S. B., Chen, G., Conati, C., Tsai, Y. S., Kay, J., Knight, S., Martinez-Maldonado, R., Sadiq, S., & Gašević, D. (2022). Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Education. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3, 100074. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CAEAI.2022.100074
Kulik, J. A., & Fletcher, J. D. (2016). Effectiveness of Intelligent Tutoring Systems: A Meta-Analytic Review. Review of Educational Research, 86(1), 42–78. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654315581420
Laun, M., & Wolff, F. (2025). Chatbots in Education: Hype or Help? A Meta-analysis. Learning and Individual Differences, 119, 102646. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.LINDIF.2025.102646
Luckin, R., Holmes, W., Griffiths, M., & Forcier, L. B. (2016). Intelligence Unleashed An argument for AI in Education.
Mirea, C. M., Bologa, R., Toma, A., Clim, A., Plăcintă, D. D., & Bobocea, A. (2025). Transforming Learning with Generative AI: From Student Perceptions to the Design of an Educational Solution. Applied Sciences 2025, 15(10), 5785. https://doi.org/10.3390/APP15105785
Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods. In Qualitative research and evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice (4th ed.). Sage Publications. https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/qualitative-research-evaluation-methods/book232962
Pepin, B., Buchholtz, N., & Salinas-Hernández, U. (2025). A Scoping Survey of ChatGPT in Mathematics Education. Digital Experiences in Mathematics Education 2025 11:1, 11(1), 9–41. https://doi.org/10.1007/S40751-025-00172-1
Pinter, L., & Siddiqui, M. F. H. (2024). Enhancing Calculus Learning through Interactive VR and AR Technologies: A Study on Immersive Educational Tools. Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 2024, Vol. 8, Page 19, 8(3), 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/MTI8030019
Solis, S. (2024). Babson College Rolls Out AI MathBot to Help Students Learn - Axios Boston. https://www.axios.com/local/boston/2024/09/17/babson-college-mathbot-ai-covid-learning-gap?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Subroto, P. W., Malik, M., Raditya, A., & Saputra, N. N. (2024). A Bibliometric Analysis on Artificial Intelligence in Mathematics Education. JRAMathEdu (Journal of Research and Advances in Mathematics Education), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.23917/jramathedu.v9i1.2429
Swiecki, Z., Khosravi, H., Chen, G., Martinez-Maldonado, R., Lodge, J. M., Milligan, S., Selwyn, N., & Gašević, D. (2022). Assessment in The Age of Artificial Intelligence. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3, 100075. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CAEAI.2022.100075
Tene, T., Marcatoma Tixi, J. A., Palacios Robalino, M. de L., Mendoza Salazar, M. J., Vacacela Gomez, C., & Bellucci, S. (2024). Integrating Immersive Technologies with STEM Education: A Systematic Review. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 9). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1410163
Wang, S., Wang, F., Zhu, Z., Wang, J., Tran, T., & Du, Z. (2024). Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Systematic Literature Review. Expert Systems with Applications, 252, 124167. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ESWA.2024.124167
Wardat, Y., Tashtoush, M. A., AlAli, R., & Jarrah, A. M. (2023). ChatGPT: A Revolutionary Tool for Teaching and Learning Mathematics. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 19(7). https://doi.org/10.29333/EJMSTE/13272
Williamson, B. (2024). The Social life of AI in Education. In International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education (Vol. 34, Issue 1, pp. 97–104). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-023-00342-5
Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on Artificial Intelligence Applications in Higher Education – Where are The Educators? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education 2019 16:1, 16(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1186/S41239-019-0171-0
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Refiesta Ratu Anderha
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
